• Modulation of oxidative stress in glioblastoma multiforme and its metabolic reprogramming
Glioblastoma multiforme is the most frequent CNS tumor withthe worst prognosis. We are studying in in vitro and in vivo models how pretreatment with coenzyme Q10 remodels the tumor metabolism and proteome, preventing aerobic glycolysis
(Warburg effect), which has an immediate impact on tumor growth and invasion producing a decrease in glioblastoma cell
viability in vitro and triplicates the effect of short and long term radiotherapy and the proapoptotic effect of
temozolomide.
• Neuroprotective role of coenzyme Q10 in proteostasis during Alzheimer’s disease (AD)
A common aspect of neurodegenerative diseases is the increasedproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS)
due to mitochondrial dysfunction. The increase in ROS alters cellular proteostasis by the imbalance between
the response to misfolded proteins (UPR), proteasomal protein degradation (ERAD) and autophagy, leading to
cell vulnerability and cell death by apoptosis. We are studying the interrelationship between oxidative
stress and proteostasis, establishing their spatiotemporal dynamics, in in vitro and in vivo models and the
early regulation of the level of oxidative stress with ubiquinol supplementation in prodromal and premorbid
stages of the disease, to control cellular proteostasisand thus slow the progression of AD-associated
pathophysiology in the 3xTg-AD murine model of this disease. We have also evaluated the impact of ubiquinol
on cerebral vascular endothelial compromise in AD. Vascular dysfunction maycontribute to the development
and progression of AD according to epidemiological and experimental data. There are numerous structural and
functional abnormalities of the microvasculature in these patients. The ß-amyloid peptide damages the
endothelium inducing the generation of ROS mediated by the activation of NADPH oxidase and by its incorporation
into the mitochondria causing mitochondrial dysfunction.
• Early diagnosis of AD
In the last years, we are setting up different approachesoriented to an early diagonosis of AD, based on
1) protein and miRNA biomarkers in CSF and plasma and
2) cell transdifferentiation into neurons (ongoing).
• Safety of graphene and related materials
We have been collaborating with the MSOC group of the University of Castilla-La Mancha, testing the toxicity and genotoxicity of a family of graphene-related materials and other 2D materials. Moreover, recently, we have adapted and standardized OECD methods to properly test the effects of these compounds on human epidermal cells.